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Author Keywords:- Green Attitude, Green Work Behavior, Tiles Manufacturing Industry, Employees, Sri Lanka

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This study aims to determine the effect of teacher competency and certification on teacher performance with motivation as an intervening variable. This research is motivated by the still low competency of teachers, not all teachers who carry out their tasks well, teachers' motivation is still low, teacher's performance has not reached the target in SMK Kerinci Regency. The research method with a quantitative approach with the path analysis method. Data collection techniques with questionnaires, observation and interviews. The respondents of this study were 53 Vocational High School Teachers in Kerinci Regency. The sampling method uses the total sampling method in which the entire population in this study is the research sample. Hypothesis testing was calculated with the IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 24.0. The results of this study found that competence has a significant effect on teacher motivation, teacher certification has a significant effect on teacher motivation, motivation has a significant effect on teacher performance, competence has a significant effect on teacher performance, teacher certification has a significant effect on teacher performance, competence has no significant effect on performance with motivation as an intervening variable, and teacher certification has a significant effect on performance with motivation as an intervening variable on Vocational High School Teachers in Kerinci Regency.

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Author Keywords:- competence, teacher certification, work motivation, teacher performance

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Organizational commitment is considered as a crucial factor that has a direct impact on organizational outcomes. A systematic empirical study was carried out to address the existing contextual gap and intellectual curiosity on gender differences in organizational commitment on apparel industry workers of Sri Lanka. The main objective of the study was to investigate whether there is a significant difference among male and female employees in terms of the level of organizational commitment in the apparel industry of Sri Lanka. This is an analytical nature study and unit of analysis is individual employees. The survey method was utilized, and 100 employees responded to the author developed questionnaire using random sampling technique. The instrument used to measure organizational commitment was adopted by Allen and Meyers’ standard questionnaire which consists of a multi-component model include; affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. Reliability and validity of the instruments used were assured. The empirical findings revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female employees in terms of organizational commitment in the apparel industry of Sri Lanka.

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Author Keywords:-Apparel Industry, Employees, Gender, Organizational Commitment, Sri Lanka.

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The intricacies of good teaching are known only to experienced teachers. Teaching is assessment and, learning and retention are functions of regular testing. This study theorise classroom assessments and links them with implicit theories of learning and retention of knowledge. The subjects of the study were motivated to maintain the momentum of learning through taking regular tests and subjected to counselling and regular feedback on the tests they took. The study analysed statistically semester results for five different year groups of students taught Quantum Mechanics by the same lecturer who adopted weekly testing. The results show substantial continuous improvements in students’ academic achievement. The results may be indictments on lecturers who do not use classroom tests to motivate students’ learning.

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Author Keywords:- Frequent tests, teaching and learning, academic performance, assessments, teacher-made tests.

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This study aims to determine the purpose of competence and organizational culture on employee performance with motivation as a mediating variable. This research is motivated by level of employee ability or employee competency is still low so that employee performance becomes difficult to achieve, relations between colleagues in the organization are still low, Employee motivation and encouragement from the organization still cannot impact employee performance and the performance of employees who are still not stable so that target institutions have not been achieved. The research method with a quantitative approach with the path analysis method. Data collection techniques with questionnaires, observation and interviews. The respondents of this study were 42 employees of Kayu Aro Barat District. The sampling method uses the total sampling method in which the entire population in this study is the research sample. Hypothesis testing was calculated with the IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 24.0. The results of this study found that competence has a significant effect on work motivation, organizational culture has a significant effect on work motivation, work motivation has a significant effect on employee performance, competence has a significant effect on employee performance, organizational culture has a significant effect on employee performance, work motivation as a mediating variable does not have a significant effect between competence and employee performance, work motivation as a mediating variable does not have a significant effect between organizational culture and employee performance at Kayu Aro Barat District Kerinci Regency.

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Author Keywords:- competence, organizational culture, work motivation, employee performance

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There are many different presenteeism conceptualizations in the business literature, and despite some insights about underlaying presenteeism factors, further research is still needed in this emerging area. One of such factors is claimed to be incivility within the business context. There is, however, not ample research about these factor’s connections with presenteeism itself. Taking this gap into account, the aim of this study is to scrutinize any possible effects of business members’ perceived workplace incivility on their presenteeism perceptions. Data are collected via questionnaires from the members of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ikitelli Organized Industrial Zone in Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 183 participants are contacted. There is a statistically significant connection between the participants’ perceived incivility and presenteeism, implying that these two negative business aspects are actually related. This finding clearly points out that perceptions of undesirable, rude, and negative behaviors in the work context is a motivator of the participants’ unwillingness to be present in their business environment. It is also noteworthy that the perceived incivility is a monolithic aspect, whereas the perception of presenteeism is composed of perceptions about negativities and resistance, both of which are related to issues in business context.

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Author Keywords:- Perceived presenteeism, perceived workplace incivility, small and medium sized enterprises, Istanbul, Turkey.

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This study aims to determine the purpose of competence and organizational culture on employee performance with motivation as a mediating variable. This research is motivated by level of employee ability or employee competency is still low so that employee performance becomes difficult to achieve, relations between colleagues in the organization are still low, Employee motivation and encouragement from the organization still cannot impact employee performance and the performance of employees who are still not stable so that target institutions have not been achieved. The research method with a quantitative approach with the path analysis method. Data collection techniques with questionnaires, observation and interviews. The respondents of this study were 42 employees of Kayu Aro Barat District. The sampling method uses the total sampling method in which the entire population in this study is the research sample. Hypothesis testing was calculated with the IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 24.0. The results of this study found that competence has a significant effect on work motivation, organizational culture has a significant effect on work motivation, work motivation has a significant effect on employee performance, competence has a significant effect on employee performance, organizational culture has a significant effect on employee performance, work motivation as a mediating variable does not have a significant effect between competence and employee performance, work motivation as a mediating variable does not have a significant effect between organizational culture and employee performance at Kayu Aro Barat District Kerinci Regency.

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Author Keywords:- competence, organizational culture, work motivation, employee performance

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Moonlighting, a latent but real phenomenon in the Nigerian economic experience is being considered alongside irregular workers’ monthly salary in Nigeria which has been on since 2015. Moonlighting - keeping several jobs simultaneously under different employers as an employee, is more real in the western world due to increasing legal control. In general, it is referred to as ‘hustling’, ‘multiple runs’, extra pursuits, or ‘PiPis’ in several contexts. Data was collected from 323 respondents from 4 Local Government Area secretariats in Ekiti state through multistage sampling procedure. Statistics indicate a significant relationship [r (323) = 0.47, p < .05] between workers’ irregular monthly salaries and the practice of moonlighting among these public servants in Ekiti state. The affinity between irregular monthly salary and moonlighting has significantly impacted job commitment deficit [r (323) = 0.47, p < .05]. Employees who experience high irregularities in their salary tend to engage more in moonlighting (Mean=17.71; Std.Dev=4.96), than those who have little experience of salary irregularities (Mean=15.77; Std.Dev=4.01). Employees who engage more in moonlighting tend to be less committed (Mean=19.64; SD=3.77), in comparison with those who are less engaged in moonlighting (Mean=20.30; Std.Dev=3.56). The study has shown that moonlighting has continued as a habit and a strategy for mitigating the negative impact of irregular payment of workers’ salary among LG employees. Increasing focus of labour law in that direction might be necessary to prevent its negative impact on workers’ commitment and productivity in Ekiti State.

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Author Keywords:- Moonlighting, Irregular salary, Coping strategy, Job commitment.

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This research aims to determine the variable that affects the performance of the members of the Traffic Unit (satafterwards) of Padang police with job satisfaction as a Intervening variable. The research samples are actually 92 members of the Traffic Unit (Satthus) Polresta Padang. The method of research with a quantitative approach with a pathway analysis method and a hypothesis test using the T test with SPSS is used to analyse the data. The results showed that: 1) Working discipline has significant effect on job satisfaction, 2) significant impact on job satisfaction, 3) Working discipline is significant to the performance of members, 4) significant integrity of the member's performance, 5) job satisfaction has significant effect on the member's performance, 6) There is no influence of the working discipline variable on the performance of members that are mediated by job satisfaction, and 7) there is no influence of integrity variables on the performance of members mediated by job satisfaction.

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Author Keywords:-Work discipline, integrity, job satisfaction, performance

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This piece of work theoretically discussed workers’ morale and conflict in manufacturing companies in Rivers State with specific elaborations on: the meaning of conflict, workers’ morale, causes and types of conflict, review of extant literature on conflict and workers’ morale, conflict management, impacts and the relationship betwixt conflict and workers’ morale in manufacturing companies in Rivers State. Theoretical framework was based on the traditional and contemporary theories of conflict, the basis of which the study found that, just like death, conflicts are omnipresent and inevitable in life and abounds in manufacturing companies in Rivers State as virtually every sphere of the organizations gets ravaged by one form of conflict or the other ranging from: interpersonal/intergroup conflict, intrapersonal/group conflict, intra-organizational, constructive or functional conflict, dysfunctional or destructive conflicts. It was deduced that conflicts occur in organizations as a result of: incompatible goals, different values and beliefs, inconsistent evaluation and reward system, communication problems, struggle for power, authority/control, and leadership style, scarcity of common resources, organizational demands and self-worth demands. It was also found that if a conflict is not aptly and promptly managed, it can lead to truncated or reduced workers’ morale causing decreased productivity, failure to attain set goals, absenteeism, low service delivery, profit reduction, frustration, anger, fear, distrust or resentment amongst the workers’. Again, the nature of the conflict, though, determines how best it could be managed and conflict can sometimes yield positive workers’ morale or result if well managed, meaning that not all conflict situations are negatively inclined. The recommendation is that efforts should constantly be made to ensure that the causes of conflicts are handled timely as apt detection and handling of conflicting parties/issues will resolve concerns amicably. Workers should be oriented with the importance of peaceful coexistence in the workplace as coercion or intimidation will only lead to counter productivity/low morale. It is suggested that this study be repeated in different organizational setting and in other states in Nigeria. This findings and recommendations would provide good practical and theoretical background for conflict management in organizations in future.

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Author Keywords:- Conflict, workers’ morale, conflict management, and manufacturing companies.

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This research aims to determine empirically the variables affecting performance by working discipline as a variable Intervening at the education office of Padang. Collection of primary data using poll or questionnaire techniques. The research population is all civil servants of the Padang City Education Office in 2019. The number 101 research samples were determined using a saturated sampling technique (census). Analysis of data in this study using path analysis. The results showed that 1) working competencies have a positive and significant impact on employee discipline 2) The working culture has a positive and significant effect on employee discipline 3) Working competency is positive and significant towards employee performance 4) Work culture positive and significant impact on employee performance 5) Work discipline is positive and significant to the performance of employees 6) work competency is positive and significant to the employee performance of Padang City education with working discipline as a intervening variable; 7) The working culture has a positive and significant impact on the performance of the Padang City Education officer with the working discipline as a intervening variable.

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Author Keywords:- work competence, work culture, work discipline, performance.

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Inclusive education has begun to be addressed within the context of the broader international debate on “Education for All” (EFA), a debate launched at the World Conference held in 1990 in Jomtien, Thailand. From Jomtien until today, thinking has evolved from the almost symbolic presence of special educational needs in the initial documentation, towards the recognition that inclusion must be a fundamental principle of the EFA movement as a whole. Within this process, the contribution of the Salamanca Declaration on Special Educational Needs: Access and quality (Unesco, 1994) stands out, from which the concept of educational inclusion emerges strongly. Thereafter thescope and perspectives of inclusive education has been based on the idea that all children and young people have the right to a quality education with equivalent learning opportunities, regardless of their social and cultural background and their differences in skills and abilities (OIE -UNESCO, 20 08) .

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Author Keywords:- Inclusive education, special educational needs, quality.

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This module attempts to look into the nuances of Curriculum, Syllabus and Course Designing and its importance in today’s modern world. In a nutshell, the sequence of the life experiences through which an academic institution attempts to promote a pupil’s growth is known as a curriculum and here we have tried to look into the fact that any curriculum should focus on learner’s needs, interests, abilities and deficiencies in order to make the process of Teaching-Learning effective. Curriculum is an organised course of study undertaken by a student in or under the aegis of a school, college, university or any other institution of learning and more commonly, the set of studies organised for a particular group of students by a school, college etc. It is the set of desired learning outcomes or the structured set of learning experiences aimed at achieving such outcomes. It is a very tricky process as it involves philosophical, social and administrative factors of a programme and as result one should be aware of various perspectives and its impact upon the learners ( that to a successful and a positive one) after the completion of the programme. Any curriculum should be holistic in its significance and purpose in order to inculcate in the learner the knowledge, attitudes, values, and techniques that have cultural relevance. Course and curriculum design is continuously evolving and changing. There are escalating social and economic pressures on higher education to generate a wider range of knowledge, skills and attitudes for coping with the demands of our 'super complex age'. The current velocity of technological and social change is impelling teachers to think in terms of educating students not for today's problems but for those of tomorrow.

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Author Keywords:- Curriculum, Curriculum Design, Course Design, Accountability

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This study aimed at identifying High commitment work system(HCWS) in improving Organization citizenship behavior (Altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship) in the zain telecom company The authors employed a predictive-descriptive approach to identify the level of hcws at zain . Male and female employees at zain (No.378) participated in the study. A questionnaire prepared to measure the role of HCWS in improving OCB was implemented. Means, standard deviations, multiple linear regression and 1-Way ANOVA analyses were used to examine the data. HCWS from the perspective of zain telecom company employees scored a high level at overall test. OCB level from the perspective of the employees at zain telecomcompany and its dimensions scored high. The predictive model of HCWS and OCB from employee’s perspective was statistically significant. Based on these results, the authors recommend zain telecom company to take more interest in improving its HCWS.

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Author Keywords:- High commitment work system, organization citizenship behavior , altruism , conscientiousness ,sportsmanship.

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Both the 1992 Republican Constitution and the Local Governance Act, 2016 (Act 936) have conferred political, administrative, social, economic and developmental authorities and functions on the Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies. However, the assemblies have exercised all other authorities to the neglect of their economic and developmental functions. In view of this, they still rely on central government for development hence the concept local economic development emerged for assemblies to use their local resources to champion the development of their localities. Deploying both primary and secondary sources of data, this paper examined the extent of political settlement in the implementation of local economic development (LED) in Ghana. The study found that the nature of the LED programme, the strategic nature of the MMDAs, the activism of the actors, the benefits to be derived by the actors, the political party in power and the need to test new development paradigms shaped the behaviour of actors in the LED implementation process. The desire of each actor to project its interest above the others culminated into “turf war” among them in the implementation process. The study recommends that the development of localities should supersede the interest of actors, locality leadership should be proactive and aggressive in wooing investors, and incentives should be provided for investors who invest in the hinterlands. Key lessons learnt were: leadership was significant in LED, collaboration among actors is important to the success of LED.

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Author Keywords:- actors, implementation, local economic development, Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies, political settlement

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This paper deals with the perpetration of crimes and drug business in the United States. It shows that the crimes perpetrated in this country until the 1980s are the consequences of racial discrimination between black and white Americans. Tired of the rejection in a country they believe is also theirs; Blacks think that they have to respond to violence with violence by sacrificing the lives of many Americans, starting with the President himself. Thus, this study shows not only the war raging between the United States and Colombia, but also the influence of social movements from the United States on Cuba, with the downfall of Fidel Castro.

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Author Keywords:- crimes - drug - racial discrimination - Americans - war - the downfall

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